Hallux Valgus Surgery in the Athlete: Current Evidence

Hallux valgus is a common disorder characterized by a medial deviation of the 1st metatarsal, eventually leading to subluxation and pain of the 1st metatarsophalangeal joint. This can inhibit sports activity. Despite being a common forefoot pathology, debate exists regarding the appropriate surgical approach in the athletic population. Paucity in literature exists with reporting of outcomes of 1st metatarsal procedures leading to best outcomes. This review was able to identify 5 studies of surgical correction of hallux valgus in athletes published to date. The aim is to guide the physician in treating athletes with hallux valgus deformity. Currently, the literature supports distal 1st metatarsal osteotomy (Chevron) with a return to activity of approximately 3 months for mild to moderate deformity, and the Ludloff osteotomy for moderate to severe deformity at a slightly slower time frame of return to sports. At best, the Lapidus procedure allows approximately 80% of patients to return to activity. Studies need to document activity level and return to sport in order to help guide treatment.